Crăciun, Cerasella, 2012, METODE DE ABORDARE ŞI CERCETARE EXPLORATORII ÎN URBANISM ȘI PEISAGISTICĂ. Epistemologia și Transdisciplinaritatea – Instrumente de cercetare a Peisajului Natural, Antropic și Cultural., Editura Universitara “Ion Mincu”, Bucharest
- Author : Crăciun, Cerasella
- Year : 2012
- Title English : EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND APPROACH METHODS IN URBAN PLANNING AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN. Epistemology and Transdisciplinarity – Research Instruments for the Natural, Anthropogenic and Cultural Landscape
- Publisher : Editura Universitara "Ion Mincu"
- Publisher's Location : Bucharest
- ISBN : 978-606-638-042-3
- Pages : 0
- Abstract : The work envisages the search for, classification, structuring and redirectioning of modalities of study and research, through introducing new theories and approach and architectural-urban analysis methods of the relationship between the human settlements (cities), the landscape in all its components (natural, man-made and cultural), in relationship with the man as used and main actor of urban life. Out of the epistemological study, inter-, multi- but mainly transdisciplinary new ways of understanding of the urban fenomenon and of the landscape in its totality can be shaped, as external manifestation of the urban reality, of the essence of the urban-landscape and architectural process, accesible and perceived. At the same time the urban-landscape phenomenons are processes in the frame of the natural and/or man-made frame, of the man/communities/society, of events or real historical facts and of memory, which in correlation with the essence of the city can designate the interior/exterior look in which the essence of things/components and processes takes shape, perceived directly through sensorial organs, but can build also an assembly of characteristics of the urban organism which can be metamorphosed in some specific limits, without that the city changes or any other urban-landscape aspect in movement and perceivable through the senses. The idea was born as a consequence of numerous sterile analyses, employed in the current practice, which did not lead to conclusions regarding the interior metabolism of the city, the urban and the life frame, its energetical changes, as well as regarding the health situation, as well of the city regarded as urban organism, but also of its inhabitants, or of the urban actors, as users with major role in the historical, urban and landscape present development, mostly "forgotten" or "ignored". The work investigates the transdisciplinary, epistemological relationships, between the Sphere of Conex Sciences and the basis field of the study in the Sphere of Speciality (Regional Planning/Urban Planning/Landscape Planning) and its finality is the understanding of the present world, in the context of the relationshops with different factors which seem to belong to fields completely different and separated, but which, at the level of the large Sphere, Scientific and Philosophical, Methodological and Causal, interact with all present live "entities", including the Man or the Town seen through the organic-metabolic prism. After the introduction in epistemology (definitions, history, sources, currents, etc) the critique of the relationship Philosophy/Science is made. Several aspects of the Specifics of Scientific Knowledge are approached, the Concept of Methodology (method, technique, procedure in scientific research) as well as the discussion of several Research Methods (Euristic) putting the accent on the Unconventional Methods (Creative Methods). The work performs a radiography of the terms and the differences between pluridisciplinarity / Interdiscipliniratiy / Multidisciplinarity, with accent of Transdisciplinarity (from the appearance of the term, definitions, The First World Congress of Transdisciplinarity, the Charta of Transdisciplinarity, etc.) as well as of the influences of this concept in the introduction of some new types of education, for expressing finally the need to overcome the frontiers between disciplines, through the unification of Science, Culture and Sacre. In the above context, finally it was proposed a Classification fo Sciences, not exhaustive, in direct relationship with Sciences considered Unconventional, which in the new transdisciplinary epistemologic vision makes possible the find of new bridges between Fields / Sciences / Theories / Methods / Analysis Factors, Diagnosis and Treatment from the point of view of urbanism-architecture and landscape of the contemporary City.
- Outline : CONTENT: pag. 1. Argument. 3 2. Definition / Epistemology 5 3. History of Epistemology 3.1. Source of Knowledge 3.2. Relation Philosophy-Science 3.3. Conclusions 7 7 32 51 4. Knowledge of Science. Research Methods. 4.1. The Specific Scientific Knowledge. Criticism Common Sense 4.2. Paradigmatic Form of Gaston Bachelard 4.3. Types of Thinking 4.4. Methodology / Concept 4.5. Methods, Techniques and Procedures in Scientififc Research 4.6. Heuristics Research Metods 4.7. Research Metods 4.7.1. Classical Method 4.7.2. Unconventional Methods (Creative) 54 56 57 60 61 62 65 68 69 72 5. Pluridisciplinarity. Interdisciplinarity.Transdisciplinarity. 5.1. “Transdisciplinarity Manifesto”. Transdisciplinarity Charta. 5.2. Introduction of New Types of Education. 74 77 95 6. Inter-diffusion Domains. Transgressing Traditional Boundaries of Disciplines. Fragmentation and Recombination. 97 103 7. Conclusion. 104 8. Bibliography. 108 9. Anexes 114